An established discipline since 1991 (see Nonaka 1991), KM includes courses taught in the fields of business administration, information systems, management, and library and information sciences (Alavi & Leidner 1999). More recently, other fields have started contributing to KM research; these include information and media, computer science, public health, and public policy.
Many large companies and non-profit organizations have resources dedicated to internal KM efforts, often as a part of their business strategy, information technology, or human resource management departments (Addicott, McGivern & Ferlie 2006). Several consulting companies also exist that provide strategy and advice regarding KM to these organizations.
Knowledge management efforts typically focus on organizational objectives such as improved performance, competitive advantage, innovation, the sharing of lessons learned, integration and continuous improvement of the organization. KM efforts overlap with organizational learning, and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.
For anyone new to knowledge management systems, the idea may seem dauntingly complex and technical. But if you break it down, it’s simple. When a company or organization needs a way to organize their knowledge, whether it’s digitized or in some other form, and share it rationally among many individuals, they need a knowledge management system.
In today’s increasingly technology-driven business world, a knowledge management system is more and more becoming an indispensable part of any competitive company’s organizational infrastructure. Without one, data gets lost or sent to the wrong places, there is no framework for sharing and restricting information, and people end up relying on comparatively sloppy ways of sharing information. Drawers of documents, fax, and even email are rapidly becoming modes of the past. Today, more organized, high-tech solutions are needed, and a few old nondigitial standbys are still useful.
There are many models widely used for knowledge management systems. Because there are many types of organizations with a wide diversity of needs, the world of knowledge management systems has developed into a thriving and creative field with many innovators continually coming up with novel new solutions for information sharing and processing. Let’s look at a few of the more common types of knowledge management systems used in today’s business world. Included :
- Document sharing
- Community knowledge databases
- Expert-run systems
- Hybrid knowledge management systems
- Mentor-student knowledge sharing
- Fostering ideas
- Social computing
- AI-based knowledge sharing
http://www.knowledgemanagementsystem.org/
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